Psoriasis is a common skin condition that causes
skin redness and irritation. Most persons with psoriasis have thick, red
skin with flaky, silver-white patches called scales.
Alternative names are a.o. guttate
psoriasis and plaque psoriasis
Psoriasis is a very common
condition. The disorder may affect people of any age, but it most
commonly begins between ages 15 and 35.
Psoriasis can appear suddenly or slowly. In many cases, psoriasis goes
away and then flares up again repeatedly over time.
The condition is not contagious.
Psoriasis seems to be an
inherited disorder. That means it is passed down through families.
Doctors think it probably occurs when the body's immune system mistakes
healthy cells for dangerous substances.
Skin cells grow deep in the skin and normally rise to the surface about
once a month. In persons with psoriasis, this process is too fast and
dead skin cells build up on the skin's surface.
Psoriasis may affect any or all parts of the skin. There are five main
types of psoriasis.
- Erythrodermic. The skin redness is very intense
and covers a large area.
- Guttate. Small, pink-red spots appear on the
skin.
- Inverse. Skin redness and irritation occurs in
the armpits, groin, and in between overlapping skin.
- Plaque. Thick, red patches of skin are covered
by flaky, silver-white scales. This is the most common type of
psoriasis.
- Pustular. White blisters are surrounded by red,
irritated skin.
The following may trigger an attack of psoriasis or make the condition
more difficult to treat:
- Bacteria or viral infections, including strep
throat and upper respiratory infections
- Dry air or dry skin
- Injury to the skin, including cuts, burns, and
insect bites
- Some medicines, including anti-malaria drugs,
beta-blockers, and lithium
- Stress
- Too little sunlight
- Too much sunlight (sunburn)
- Too much alcohol
In general, psoriasis may be severe in persons who
have a weakened immune system. This may include persons who have:- AIDS
- Autoimmune disorders (such as rheumatoid
arthritis)
- Cancer chemotherapy
Up to 30% of
people with psoriasis may also have arthritis, a condition known as
psoriatic arthritis. Psoriasis may also affect the nails. About 10% of
people with psoriasis have visible changes only in the nails.
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